本篇文章小编给大家分享一下使用@SpringBootTest注解进行单元测试代码示例,文章代码介绍的很详细,小编觉得挺不错的,现在分享给大家供大家参考,有需要的小伙伴们可以来看看。
概述
@SpringBootTest注解是SpringBoot自1.4.0版本开始引入的一个用于测试的注解。基本用法如下:
1. 添加Maven依赖
UTF-8 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-parent 1.5.6.RELEASE org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-test org.springframework.boot spring-boot-maven-plugin
2. 编写启动入口类
@SpringBootApplication public class StartUpApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(StartUpApplication.class, args); } }
3. 编写Controller类
@RestController public class HelloController { @RequestMapping("/") public String index() { return "Hello Spring Boot,Index!"; } @RequestMapping(value = "/test", method = RequestMethod.GET) public String test() { return "Spring Boot Test Demo!"; } }
4. 编写测试类
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class) @SpringBootTest(classes = StartUpApplication.class, webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT) public class HelloControllerTest { /** * @LocalServerPort 提供了 @Value("${local.server.port}") 的代替 */ @LocalServerPort private int port; private URL base; @Autowired private TestRestTemplate restTemplate; @Before public void setUp() throws Exception { String url = String.format("http://localhost:%d/", port); System.out.println(String.format("port is : [%d]", port)); this.base = new URL(url); } /** * 向"/test"地址发送请求,并打印返回结果 * @throws Exception */ @Test public void test1() throws Exception { ResponseEntityresponse = this.restTemplate.getForEntity( this.base.toString() + "/test", String.class, ""); System.out.println(String.format("测试结果为:%s", response.getBody())); }
其中,classes属性指定启动类,SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT经常和测试类中@LocalServerPort一起在注入属性时使用。会随机生成一个端口号。