Linux 交互式和非交互式两种修改用户密码方法实例
作者：简简单单
2015-03-09
最近管理的一批机器，有个需求是要统一修改一个帐号的用户名密码，比如将qa帐号的密码改为1234，后来还为了脚本化，很方便的执行，还使用了非交互式地修改用户的密码。简单记录一下吧。
1. 交互式配置本地用户的密码：passwd 命令
| 代码如下 | 复制代码 |
| [root@host_221-81 ~]# passwd qa Changing password for user qa. New password: BAD PASSWORD: it is too short BAD PASSWORD: is too simple Retype new password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully. | |
2. 非交互式修改本地用户的密码：chpasswd
| 代码如下 | 复制代码 |
| # chpasswd命令使用起来很简洁 [root@host_221-81 ~]# echo "qa:1234" | chpasswd # 使用passwd命令，也可以实现非交互式修改密码 [root@host_221-81 ~]# echo "1234" | passwd --stdin "qa" Changing password for user qa. passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully. | |
3. 使用expect来处理交互式输入，从而实现非交互式的密码修改。
| 代码如下 | 复制代码 |
#!/bin/sh # exec expect -f "$0" "$@" if { $argc != 2 } { puts "Usage: $argv0 exit 1 } set password [lindex $argv 1] spawn passwd [lindex $argv 0] sleep 1 expect "assword:" send "$passwordr" expect "assword:" send "$passwordr" expect eof | |
注意：脚本的第二行，这种写法可能比较陌生，这是在TCL语言中的语法，The backslash is recognized as part of a comment to sh, but in Tcl the backslash continues the comment into the next line which keeps the exec command from executing again.
该脚本的执行结果为：
| 代码如下 | 复制代码 |
| [root@smilejay ~]# ./change-pwd-expect.sh qa 1234 spawn passwd qa Changing password for user qa. New password: BAD PASSWORD: it is too short BAD PASSWORD: is too simple Retype new password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully. | |
